A Research Study On Teenage Pregnancy Prevention - 1009 Words

The purpose of this study is to explore the different types of support teenage mothers have received after the birth of their child. The aim of this study is to explore and evaluate the usefulness of support systems and to gain insight on the types of support teenage mothers received after pregnancy. In addition, this study will explore the perceptions of teenage mothers on how support impacted their lives. According to the â€Å"Teen Pregnancy Prevention† (2016), statistics from the National Conference of State Legislatures found teen pregnancy and birth rates for teens age 15 to 19 in the United States remain among the highest with comparable countries. Roughly one in four girls will be pregnant at least once before age 20. The â€Å"Teen†¦show more content†¦The â€Å"Teenage Pregnancy Prevention† (2016) article reported that deprivation and teenage pregnancy are based on socioeconomic status and health. Jonge’s (2001) study confirmed there was strong link between deprivation and teenage pregnancy found in other studies, and suggested that mental health problems in teenage mothers may be more difficult to detect. The limitations in this study showed recruitment was a difficult part because it was not a priority for many of the women to follow through. Jonge (2001) concluded that teenage mothers need more information on mental health and services available to them. He urged that key community health workers and local support groups to be active in the community and also advocate for these young moms. Another qualitative study that was conducted outside of the United States was Watts, Liamputtong, Mcmichael’s (2015) study conducted in Melbourne, Australia on exploring early motherhood experiences. The research is aimed to solicit the lived experiences of African Australian young refugee women who have experienced early motherhood in Australia. This qualitative research used in-depth interviews. The research methods and analysis were informed by intersectionality theory, phenomenology and a cultural competency framework. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and data analyzed using thematic content analysis. Watts, Liamputtong, Mcmichael’s (2015)Show MoreRelatedEssay about Sample Research Proposal on Teenage Pregnancy1172 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Sample Research Proposal on Teenage Pregnancy    Introduction This research proposal implies on teenage pregnancy and its effect on academic progression. There will be association between teenage pregnancy and academic progression places evidence that education should put weight on reality adhering to teenage pregnancy. Understanding teenage pregnancy within UK context is adamant to the purpose of study. Thus, the expectation that teenage pregnancy will be reduced by proper academic programsRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy1546 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy is pregnancy in human females under the age of 20 at the time that the pregnancy ends. Low-income communities have the highest teenage pregnancy rates in the United States. Because of the fact that this is a very controversial issue in the United States, it is very important that most questions be addressed. Questions like, why is a teenage girl in Mississippi four times as likely to give birth as a teenage girl in New Hampshire? Or why is the teen birth rate in Massachusetts 19Read MoreUnintended Pregnancy Prevention Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagesmajority of teenage pregnancies, more than four out of five, are unplanned (Unintended Pregnancy Prevention). Whether teenagers believe in common myths that they cant get pregnant the first time having sex or they truly believe nothing like this could ever happen to them, it happens to approximately seven hundred and fifty thousand teenagers in the United States each year. Although the birth control pill may not completely put an end to teenage pregnancies, it will decrease pregnancy rates amongRead MoreSince The Rate Of Unwanted Teenage Pregnancies Has Been1676 Words   |  7 PagesSince the rate of unwant ed teenage pregnancies has been steadily decreasing over the past forty years (Patten, 2016), many young women will not be faced with the difficult challenges and life-altering decisions that a pregnant teen is presented with. However, of those teenage women who do face the burden of an unforeseen pregnancy, many come to realize how simple preventative measures could have saved them from having to deal with the social, financial, and psychological difficulties caused by anRead MoreTeenage Moms That Are Still In High School Get Pregnant1391 Words   |  6 PagesTeenage moms that are still in high school get pregnant at a young age, and are not able to support themselves or their child. There were just under a quarter million pregnancies in women ages fifteen to nineteen in 2014. About eighty-five percent of these pregnancies are unplanned, which in any population can increase the risk for problems. The biggest risk for teen mothers is delaying prenatal care or worse, about seven per cent received no care at all. According to CDC, In 2014, almost 250,000Read MoreTeen Pregnancy And Public Perception1498 Words   |  6 Pagesprovide a literature review of teen pregnancy and public perception. The chapter will begin by examining the decrease of teen pregnancy in America. It will transition to understanding the emotional effects on teen mothers and depict how a pregnant teen’s life could be altered. It will conclude by discussing how the topic of teen pregnancy has caused the President of the United States to take a closer look. This chapter will end with a summary of my research findings. The Office of Adolescent HealthRead MorePublic Health Nurses : The Leading Cause Of Death Among Girls Essay1709 Words   |  7 PagesComplications from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among girls ages 15-19 in LMIC’s (Morris Rushwan, 2015). The primary reason for these preventable death-causing complications is that teenagers are not properly supplied with contraceptives. Due to these unplanned and unwanted pregnancies approximately 4.5 million teenage girls undergo an abortion each year, with an estimated 3 million of them being performed unsafely (Morris Rushwan, 2015). Some detrimental complicationsRead MoreEssay about The Underlying Causes of Teen Pregnancy1363 Words   |  6 Pages Before successfully preventing teen pregnancies among teenage girls, there are many underlying causes and facts about the dilemma that must be first exposed. Children from homes run by teenage mothers have to face almost insurmountable obstacles in life. The incident s of depression and mental health problems, the lack of father figures, and the high rate of poverty often connected to children in homes run by teenage mothers put them at serious disadvantages when compared to children raised in nuclearRead MoreAssessment of Teen Pregnancy Prevention Interventions648 Words   |  3 PagesAssessment of Teen Pregnancy Prevention Interventions How is the literature review used in this research study? Using one (1) previous study cited by the authors, discuss how the findings of this past study is relevant to the current study. (2 pts) The literature review in this study was used to demonstrate the problem and occurrence of adolescent pregnancy and birth rates in the United States. Furthermore, the concern about this phenomenon as it pertains to Florida is addressed. A correlationRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases During Pregnancy Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular anguish among women because of the severe and life-threatening difficulties during pregnancy (Ford Shimers – Bowers, 2009). STIs have become a significant public health problem, especially among minorities. STIs are highly prevalent among African American and Hispanic women and they cause maternal and perinatal morbidity (CDC, 2008). STIs can be the blame for a several adverse outcomes during pregnancy including abortion, premature birth, stillbirth, and low birth weight. Additionally, STIs

Employment and desistance Free Essays

string(19) " and the new self\." Abstract As societies Jails become increasingly over populated there seems to be a new question as to why people recommit crime and how to influence the desistance process. For those in the Criminal Justice fields theories on why individuals commit crimes are abundant. Society, biology, genes, and upbringing are all fair game in assessing the why a person commits crimes. We will write a custom essay sample on Employment and desistance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although understanding the etiological reasoning for crime is important, it has now become increasingly important to understand the importance of desistance and curbing criminal behavior. There are everal links that have been associated as positive correlation with deterring further crime. These include marriage, family and employment. It is easy to give a broad reason to why these factors have such a positive influence on crime, but even more important is the understanding policy implications that research into this topic will create. This paper will begin by examining existing research on the topic of employment and desistance. A survey of local employers will be conducted on employers in the Du Page, IL area to identify hiring processes of convicted criminals. Lastly if employment is the key to curbing criminal activity why are we turning away droves of quality employees? Introduction Desistance in Criminology is the cessation of criminal or other antisocial behavior. TA this point criminals have already taken a leap into the criminal world. Etiological theories have already been developed into the reason why these individuals have accepted a life of crime. Whether it is Strain, labeling, Social Learning or disorganization. Although all these theories gives us possible insight on why individuals turn to crime as a society we still need to understand how to successfully urb criminal and anti-social activity. Our corrections model that we currently have has failed in the rehabilitative aspect. It has served as a great method of temporarily removing criminals from the streets but what happens when these convicted labeled individuals are returned to the our streets. Jobless and labeled a criminal by our societies Justice system will most certainly assure a return to criminal enterprise. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics 67. 5% of the 300,000 prisoners released in 1994 were rearrested within 3 years. There aren’t many institutions that succeed ith a success rate as dismal as that, however we keep churning them out. There are approximately 1 3 prisoners at yearend 2012 According to the United S Department of Justice there are approximately 650,000 ex-offenders released from prison every year. According to the same website it is expected that 433,000 of those will return to Jail, that is 2/3 of the p opulation released. That is staggering figure that contributes to the overpopulation of our prisons. One of the issues at the center of this dilemma is lack of employment opportunities for recently released convicts. The fact that the there is no such thing as an ex-con in society doesn’t promote smooth reintegration even for those that do intend of becoming productive members of society. Even though these released individuals have, in the eyes of the United States Justice system paid their debt, society is unwilling to assist by denying employment and training opportunities that will make them a viable candidate in the Job market. We will examine the link between gainful employment and desistance from crime. And how will such a large segment of the population find a Job in an ailing economy. Literature Review Learning new skills, asserting ones free will, and accepting additional responsibilities. The fact that the older we get the less likely we are to engage in risky behavior. Davis Matza referred to this concept as Reform† in his 1964 book delinquency and drift. In this piece of literature he explained hoe delinquency is transient and that adolescent would grow out of there delinquent ways (Matza, 1964). This theory of delinquency lends to the argument â€Å"boys will be boys† John H. Laub and Robert J. Sampson expand on this idea with The Life Course Perspective consists f evaluating causation of change in the desistance of from Crime through social controls that include key elements attributed to aging; a good marriage; securing legal, Stable work; and deciding to â€Å"go straight,† including a reorientation of the costs and benefits of crime† According to research conducted by Phoebe Potter â€Å"The Hazard ratio for employment is Significant at the . 0 level, suggesting that being employed does positively influence the decision to desist from crime†. In addition the text suggests a %23 percent likelihood that being employed lowers the risk of recidivating. Given the amount of people returning to Jail such studies need to be seriously looked at and action plans develop that seek to enhance employment opportunities for ex-offenders. Drug Use, Work and De sistance Drug use inherently seems to promote criminal activity for those hat use, sell or traffic. Drug use is also another antagonist to getting a Job. Much like background checks drug testing is common most positions. These drug tests are used Justifiably so to avoid workplace injuries and to minimize turnover associated with attendance issues. Considering that a significant majority of incarcerated adults were active drug sers according to National Institute of Drug Abuse website (NIDA). According to the website a survey conducted in 1997 estimated t O percent ot State and 5 percent of Federal prisoners used drugs regularly prior to incarceration†. (NIDA, 2006). The fact that drug use is so prevalent within the population committing crime serious attention needs to be paid to instituting drug rehab programs. Abstinence from drugs has a dual effect on individuals. One it facilitates finding a Job and second the chances of re-offending goes down. According to O’Connell’s research for his paper Working Toward Recovery concludes hat drug treatment during the integration phase serves as a therapeutic reintegration that changes the roll of the individual from drug user and criminal to a socially compatible individual. Abstinence from drugs will then cause a departure from the old self and the new self. You read "Employment and desistance" in category "Papers" This separation will then have positive outcomes on the individuals economic and personnel wellbeing outcomes. (O’Connell, 2007). Allowing individuals to make a cognitive change and be able to correlate positive socially acceptable change, through abstinence from drug use and gainful employment is will contribute to future desistance form crime. It would however be counterproductive to believe that these individuals could do this by themselves. A framework needs to be built that encourages abstinence and gives people the necessary skills to be a productive member of society. Policy Implications. Understanding the link between that lives events that have a deterring effect on future criminal activity is a significant step in being able to successfully being able to implement policies that promote hiring of this disenfranchised segment of our population. According to Phoebe Potter in her 2011 thesis she suggests certain key spects in the implementation of policies to assist in the re-integration of recently released offenders. Potter suggests that the ban on post-secondary financial assistance be lifted for Felony offenders, employers should have stiffer regulations against the discrimination of individuals with criminal records. Potter, 2011) Combined with lack of training and ever expanding background checks, make finding a Job for the pettiest of criminals a challenging task. Potter adds that there should be more intermediary agencies and re-entry programs to assist in getting ex- offender’s additional opportunities (Potter, 34). Given the amount of people returning to Jail such studies need to be seriously looked at and action plans develop that seek to enhance employment opportunities for ex-offenders. Race meets desistance As a society we are not far removed from days where public areas were segregated and minorities were openly discriminated. It would be irresponsible and naive to assume that race doesn’t play a role in recidivism, employment opportunities, and ultimate desistance from crime. â€Å"According to Ryan Schroeder research has indicated that minorities, primarily African Americans, continue serious violent offending after dolescence at a rate twice as high as whites. † (Schroeder, 2005 P. 71) When minorities are released from Jail economic opportunities like employment might not be adequately distributed through society. How then are minorities with a double strike on their record; one a conviction on their background and second uneven opportunities due to race. Methodology In an effort to contribute to some of the previous research on the subject of desistance we will conduct our research. This research will be based on employers hiring practices in the area of Du Page, IL. At the time of hire applicants will be given urveys to establish a baseline of employment characteristics. The employees economic, race, sex, and criminal history will be gauged. Upon determining a baseline of qualified personnel two control groups will be targeted and followed to conduct further research. Offenders will be grouped into those that received a position and those that didn’t. Salary, and amount of time subject spends at the work. Our findings should be consistent with previous research. Results should see a disproportionate number of non-employable convict’s returning to criminal activity. While those that successfully were able to land a Job should see a more favorable result with desistance numbers. Conclusion Criminology has for the large part had a definite concern in establishing a reason to why individuals embark in criminal activity. More obscured was the reasoning as two why people continued to offend. Maturation suggests that engaging in risky criminal activity was to an extent a part of growing up. How then are career criminal classified. Our Jails are overflowing at the brim with continuously re-offending aging criminals. The economic problem is undeniable as recidivism continues to be a problem. With a two thirds rate of likelihood to re-offend and be brought back to a state or federal institution a new framework for dealing with out criminal population needs to be developed. It is inevitable that most of the incarcerated population at some point will again walk our neighborhood streets. Desistance from criminal activity must be the ultimate goal of the release process. Through existing research we have seen the connection with life achievement i. e. marriage, education, military enlistment and employment contribute to the desistance trom criminal activi ty. In order to promote successtul re- ntegration back into the community. Offenders must be given the necessary tools to do so. There is a significant amount of money going into the incarcerating criminals that have been released. Samson and Laubs’s work on Life-Course theory has laid the ground work in criminology in determining what needs to be done to prevent people from re- offending. â€Å"Taking a Job, graduating from high school, entrance into the military, and marriage all represent potentially pivotal periods in a transition. † (Wright, 2004 p. l). Coming from experience I could attest to how Joining the military and staying ainfully employed has helped me stay out of trouble. Truth be told I was quite the shit-bag before entering military service with United States Marine Corps. The same application of pivotal life changing and perspective changing opportunities need to be given to the recently released criminal population. Research into Desistance need to be coupled with policy changes. Re-integration programs must be designed to give offender’s the tools to obtain positions. Groups like the safer foundation in Chicago, IL must be given much needed funds to act a conduit between offenders and society. Society as a whole also needs to be willing to accept that these individuals have already paid for their crime. Background checks need to stop being a discriminating factor in handing out Jobs. An Idol mind is the devils playground is a popular saying that rings very true with our recently released offender population. Sitting at home without social skill, and without a Job will most definitely lead to re-engaging in criminal activity. Society will always need Jails, however these institutions need to also serve a rehabilitative function with the understanding that most criminals will not die in Jail. Money needs to be funneled into programs that keep offenders from returning to Jail. How to cite Employment and desistance, Papers

Dverse Population Of Global City London †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Dverse Population Of Global City London. Answer: London is considered a global city due to the diverse population its hosts. London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and England. Noteworthy, it has various tourist attractions and other qualities that make it irresistible to tourist and foreign trade. Previously, London was occupied by the Romans before other groups of people came along. Before the 13TH Century, London was known as Londinium.Since time in memorial, London city has always been populous. As in the 2nd century, it was estimated that London was occupied by over a hundred thousand people. However, the populous population has substantially reduced the Plaque during the 17th century. However, the population recuperated towards the 18th and 19th centuries. The hospitality of Londoners does not go unnoticed. Noteworthy, London has a rich cultural history. This history has made it more attractive to tourists due to the cultural practices, architectural buildings, and unique superstructure. Londons history is shaped by the Roman Empire existence and the British Industrial revolution whose effects directly impacted the city. In addition to being a tourist destination, London is among the largest international trade destination. Primarily, London is the center of foreign exchange transactions. In addition, the city is surrounded by stable financial institutions which make international trade easily viable (Consultancy.Uk, 2016). Further, there is an adequate supply of labor owing to the highly populous composition of the city and also the high immigration rates into the city. The demand for foreign trade and the existence of supply factors in the city of London makes it good for foreign trade (JLL, 2018). In addition, the United Kingdoms political will has made London as a business and tourism destination possible. This is due to the fact that London is home to the United Kingdom's parliament. Also, the United Kingdoms government has implemented proper and adequate infrastructure to support international and local business activities. Through its parliament, business governing regulations and regulatory bodies have been put in place to facilitate and encourage foreign trade (Smithsonian,2013). The political stability of the United Kingdom has created a conducive business environment which has boosted the revenue of London as a City. Majorly, Londons strongest market connections are with China, The United States of America and European Union Member states. Londons accessibility has been boosted by the implemented infrastructure. Specifically, London transportation network is considered the largest in the world. The underground railway transportation system has made public transport accessible and relatively affordable thus making transit easier and faster. In addition, London has various buses, air transport and water transport system which make accessibility easy and timely that boosts trade. Regarding, Climate, Londons weather is temperate, relatively high temperatures, rare snowing and freezing spells which is favorable for tourism and other activities. However, when it snows, ice skating is possible and fun to do. London Winters are low with relatively warm temperatures. Physically, London cuts across the River Thames. The River Thames is attractive as a port city and is ideal for transportation of goods (Merk, n. d). There are various resources that support the prestigious status of London as a global business destination. .Cultural diversity makes London attractive for tourists (World cities cultural forum, 2018).London enjoys a reputation for rich culture, unique building design, and architecture which make London suitable for business and pleasure. The populous pollution is a source of the readily available labor force which is ideal for business transactions. London enjoys comparative advantages when it comes to financial, real estate and the service industry. Also, the strategic River Thames facilitates transportation of goods in and out of London which is advantageous for business. Londons competitive advantages stem from its location, access to international markets, skilled taskforce and a conducive regulatory framework.London is an international trading center for the most foreign transaction. Also, London is endowed with various superstructures such as the underground tunnel. The underground railway tunnel is not only unique but it is the largest in the world (Global Alliance of SMES,2018). The underground tunnel has made public transportation easy and convenient.Not only is the tunnel a form of public transport but also a tourist attraction. In addition, London is a center for political, social and economic activity. London being the center of political activity is because the United Kingdoms parliament is stationed in London. The infrastructure in place in London has made the city accessible and ideal for business, both local and international. Londons infrastructure is considered the largest, in terms of public transportation means, the underground railway network. Recently, Britain opted out of the European Union. This event could have adverse impacts on the economic future activities of London and other Britain territories. This is due to the fact that London major export destination was the European Union.(Office for national statistics,2018).Alongside the European Union member states, China and the United States of America are Londons top trading partners. The future of London economic revenue might be slightly affected by this move.London is the perfect international business and tourist destination owing to the fact that it has a conducive environment for both Pleasure and business. Moreover, there are social and special events such as the Wimbledon, which is considered a historic sports event. Other entertainment activities include ice-skating, carnivals, parades, swimming, and birdwatching, gaming and gambling facilities among other activities for entertainment. All in all, the importance of London as a city to its country and to the rest of the world cannot be ignored. London is the definition of an international destination for vacationing and getting business done. This is due to the factor that London has the best enabling environment for international businesses, political stability and will, rich cultural background, superstructure, better infrastructure and superstructure that make the city accessible, leisure activities and facilities are in place and an effective legal regulatory framework for international trade transactions. Skilled labor force and ready market for its product and services give London a comparative advantage over other cities partaking in the same trade. Not only is London an international business destination but also an international tourist destination. However, following the Brexit Vote, there might be some economic revenue changes to Londons export revenue. References Consultancy.Uk. (2016).The Top 25 attractive global cities, London and New York Lead. Consultancy.Org. Retrieved from https://www.consultancy.uk/news/12197/the-top-25-most-attractive-global-cities-london-and-new-york-lead Global Alliance of SMES. (2018).What Makes London a Global city? Globalsmes. Org. Retrieved from https://www.globalsmes.org/news/index.php?func=detaildetailid=572catalog=30lan=en JLL. (2018). Competitiveness. Grow. London. Retrieved from https://grow.london/competitiveness/ London First. (2012).Londons Current and Future Competitiveness: A review of Competitor Data.[Online].Retrieved from https://londonfirst.co.uk/wpcontent/uploads/2012/09/Competitiveness_report_-_FINAL.pdf Merk, O. (n .d).The Competitiveness of Global Port-Cities Synthesis Report. Organization for economic Cooperation and .D.Org. .Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/cfe/regional-policy/Competitiveness-of-Global-Port-Cities-Synthesis-Report.pdf Office for National Statistics. (2018).Who does the UK Trade with?. ONS .Gov. UK. Retrieved from https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/internationaltrade/articles/whodoestheuktradewith/2017-02-21 Smithsonian. (2013).Top 10 Annual Events in London. Smithsonian.Com. Retrieved from https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/top-10-annual-events-in-london-1-1378476 World Cities Culture Forum.(2018).Cities .World cities culture forum.[Online].Retrieved from https://www.worldcitiescultureforum.com/cities/london

Vietnamese Immigrant to the United States

Background to the war Immigration Up to today, many Americans look back to the effects of the Vietnam War with much disappointment and disgust for the terrible pain performed to ‘protect’ the people of the South Vietnam from the dictatorial government. While many might still argue that the war was a matter of necessity led by outstanding intentions, others certainly consider it as a sin and a blunder that can never be justified.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Vietnamese Immigrant to the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The war remains the most detested and the most prolonged war that the Americans have ever engaged. It resulted to the demise of more than 200000 Vietnamese and to the deaths of over 60,000 Americans (Gibson 67). The first mistake that the Americans made before launching the war was to underestimate the potential of the North Vietnamese. The North Vietnamese had a long and strong experience in war through the prolonged resistance to the French. They had a stronger advantage to utilize their strong rebellions against the South who were viewed as the representatives of the French. The North Vietnamese had a strong bond and unity to rebel against the South Vietnam Catholic Leaders who were viewed as representatives of the west (Shelby 69). First, among the major inspiration and the motivation of the Americans to launch the Vietnam War, was the strong fear during the cold war that the crossover of South Vietnam to the Communist ideologies would lead to a weaker United State and a down fall of key US leaders such as President Kennedy and Johnson. To President Kennedy and Johnson, their chances of winning the next term in office depended on the successful launch of US capitalist ideologies in South Vietnam. In addition to the overconfidence in the US military capacity in preventing the North from taking over the South, there was a misguided belie f that North Vietnam was a hock belonging to Moscow. Still, other factors such as the massive destruction of Cuba and Soviet’s leader Nikita Khrushchev threat to sponsor National Liberation Movements everywhere in the world put the US under pressure to launch a war in Vietnam.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While the Vietnam War was accelerated by deep rooted political meanness and cruelty, the fact remains that its consequences were destructive and led to lifelong hatred towards the American government. For many Vietnamese, their lifelong experiences and struggle as immigrants in the American soil is an as a result of the selfishness and the over calculated pride of the American people. In addition to broken families and ties, the war launched in 1961 has led many desperate lives today in a foreign land with barely anywhere to call home. Vietnamese Immigrant experience While speaking as an outsider can never bring out the real picture of what the Vietnamese experienced during and after the war, their narrations still linger from the foreign land that they can never truly call their own (Coleman 47). America remains their land of escape, the land where after all turmoil and trauma, much rest, survival and a source of livelihood for them was found. On the other hand, Vietnam remains their country where all their birth rites and roots come from and the country where they were born. Looking at it from the eyes of an Immigrant, before the war broke out in May 1961, everything in the Vietnamese Immigrants lives was as usual. However, the events that happened after the war remain unforgettable in their lives. The economy of their country was driven into downfall. The war led them into hiding in safe refuges and subsequently led them into their escape into the American soil 15 years after the war had broke. Their worst feeling was brought by the percepti on of being intruders and Immigrants by the natives in the foreign land they had sought safety (Shelby 34). According to natives, the Immigrants were less human and deserved less; these refugees were devoid of any merit. In addition to discrimination and dislike by the natives, the Vietnamese had a second challenge; the challenge of being in a foreign land with a language they could not speak or hear. Amidst mush discrimination and the reality of a language they did not understand, the Immigrants biggest challenge was the lack of skills to perform jobs in America. Without skill, they could not get employed and earn a livelihood in the new land.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Vietnamese Immigrant to the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In those darkest moments, every Immigrant hang-on the little hope they could find. To them, the hope of a brighter future came from the few people who seeme d to show some little concern to them as human beings rather than as refugees who were less human. Their first source of life came from the volunteers who appeared on the street when the war broke to lead people to safety refuges (Coleman 19). Though life in the refuge was not the best, and at times, they could lack food, the refuge came with the much safety that they needed. They felt calm in the midst of society turmoil and chaos. The second source of hope to the Immigrants came at a needed time in the midst of darkness in a foreign land. It came to their rescue when they faced discrimination for being Immigrants. Upon their departure towards the base in Guam and eventually their deliverance to a refugee center, the Immigrants got rescue from the good will of the former president. The former President Gerald Ford supported the immigration into the U.S. He passed the Immigrants to enter the United States under a special status. This formed a substantial basement for them to start a new life in the United States. For their final settlement in America, the Immigrants desire to start a new life got fulfilled by a voluntary agency whose responsibility was to help the refugee resettle into communities throughout the United Stated eventually by providing the Immigrants with food, water, and clothing. The Immigrants memory of their past can never fade. However, with time, they accepted reality and began to settle down in America (Shelby 22). They have been able to learn English and acquire jobs that can sustain their lives. Though the Immigrants have religiously preserved their beliefs and held on to the core of their cultures, with time they have adopted the American ways of life as a way of assimilating into the new land.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In regards to their children, apart from the challenge they often face in discrimination because they are of Asian origin, their children have not faced considerable challenges such as learning English majorly because they were born in America. The children have adopted a strong value system in education, and a rapidly growing proportion of them are now studying at University of California, Berkeley, and there is much hope that the children occupy better professional positions in society, more so in the high-tech technology and in locations such as Silicon Valley. Immigrants Point of views for Vietnam War While many may view war as merely an extension of politics by non-peaceful means, the Vietnamese experience have much wisdom for the many who hold onto their pride and risk the lives of millions in order to achieve their personal desires. According to the Immigrants, there can never be anything substantial that comes from war. As stated earlier, the Vietnam War led to over 60000 Am erican deaths and over 200,000 Vietnamese deaths. This is just a reflection of death and destruction that wars have caused all over the world. Listening to the words of wisdom from the Immigrants experience, the massive destruction of war is not worth it. War leads to the loss of family and friends. Individuals get separated from their loved ones, and they live in a foreign land with no relatives and friends. In addition, the immigrants feel that the war led them into much undeserved discrimination. In the foreign land, they escaped into, people viewed them with disownment and pressured them into mean experiences. The immigrants feel that they have not lived their real lives, all because of the Vietnam War that robbed off everything they had and drove them into an unknown land. Famous people in the Vietnam immigrants The Immigrants have come as a source of blessing in adding value to the to the Americans land. Though their contributions remain unnoticed, many Vietnamese Immigrants h ave worked hard to climb the corporate radar and currently hold key positions in America many have taken a profound interest in civic duty. John Quoc Duong was an example of the hardworking persistent Vietnamese who have added much value to America’s Public Service. While President George Bush was in office, John Quoc Duong served as an executive director of the White House Initiative on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (Michael 123). Far from the government, the Vietnamese have had a significant contribution in the growth of economy through the athletic and the entertainment industry. In the face of much economic recession, there is an increase of the Vietnamese Immigrants into America as many come to get reunited with the family members who they lost during the war. Immigrants comparison of Vietnam and America From the immigrants’ experience, there can never be a similarity of Vietnam and America. From their experiences, they have always longed for their lives i n Vietnam. Despite what the foreign land they live in offers, they live in the hope that one day they will be able to go back to their relatives and their real hometown. A significant difference separating the two towns lies in the weather. There is some calm and coolness in America that makes the Immigrants forget home for a while, Taiwan like Vietnam, on the other hand, is full of much heat during the summer. People in Taiwan are also totally different. The simplicity and easiness in the lives is welcoming as compared to the busy America. Life in Taiwan is cheaper compared to life in the US and in fact, food and shopping go for a cheap price (Galloway 45). Population In terms of the population, recent Census revealed that over 1,122,528 individuals identify themselves as Vietnamese alone or 1,223,736 in combinations with other ethnicities (â€Å"Wikipedia: Vietnamese America† par. 3). As a result of this figure, they got ranked fourth among the Asian American groups. Accord ing to relevant sources, 447,032 (39.8%) live in California and 134,961 (12.0%) in Texas. The highest figure of this population outside its country of origin is in Orange County, California with approximately 135,548 Vietnamese (â€Å"Wikipedia: Vietnamese America† par. 3). Together with this, there is a rapid increase in Vietnamese populations in some states such as Florida, Virginia and Massachusetts. Conclusions While many people in the world live their lives as Immigrants, from the experiences of the Vietnamese Immigrants it is safe to say that life as an Immigrant is among the hardest lives for any human being. Apart from dealing with the discriminations that comes by being different in other people’s land, the major challenges that the immigrants face is the challenge of having to adapt to a new environment. Leaving one’s life behind and moving on in complete emptiness of what ones used to be your life. Adopting to a new culture and a new language with new people pushes many into a state of depression and denial and as witnessed in the Immigrants case, only a few genuinely thrive to survive. On the other hand, there are many lessons to be learnt by the leaders of this world. For one, war is just an unnecessary evil that should never happen. There is too much to life for us to be driven by greed to permanent destruction of other people’s life. There is so much in togetherness and a person’s family and friends. War and Chaos mercilessly separate key bonds. Works cited Coleman, James. Pleiku: The Dawn of Helicopter warfare in Vietnam, New York: St. Matin press, 1989. Print. Galloway, Joseph. We Were Soldiers once: The Battle that changed the war in Vietnam, New York: St Matin Press, 1993. Print. Gibson, James. The perfect war: Techno war in Vietnam, New York: Warner Books, 1986. Print. Michael, Kelly. Where we were in Vietnam: A comprehensive Guide to the Firebase,  Military installation, and naval vessel of the Vietnam war. New Delhi, India: Hellgate press, 1990. Print. Shelby, Stanton. Anatomy of a Division: The First Cav in Vietnam, New York: Warner Books Inc, 1997. Print. Shelby, Stanton. Green Berets at War: US Army Special Forces in Southeast Asia, New York: Ivy Boos, 1985. Print. Shelby, Stanton. Vietnam Order of Battle: A Complete illustrated Reference to US Army  Combat and Support forces in Vietnam, Mechanicsburg: Stackpole military Classic Press, 2003. Print. Wikipedia: Vietnamese America 2005. Web. http//en-wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese America This research paper on Vietnamese Immigrant to the United States was written and submitted by user Johnny Harvey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Guide to Navigating in Spanish

A Guide to Navigating in Spanish There are few things more frustrating while traveling than getting lost  in a foreign place. Fortunately, if you are traveling in an area where Spanish is one of the languages spoken, this list of phrases and words below can help you quickly get to where you are going. Keep This Vocabulary List on Hand Combine the vocabulary listed below with basic grammar and you will be well on your way to getting the help you need. Even if you are not proficient in Spanish, in most places you travel you will find that people will appreciate your desire to use their language. Print out or write down the phrases below so you can communicate with the people around you during your travels.  Ã‚ ¡Buen viaje! (Have a great trip!) Basic Spanish Travel Phrases Where is...? Where are...? -  ¿Dà ³nde est...?  ¿Dà ³nde estn...?How do you go to...? -  ¿Por dà ³nde se va a...? Or,  ¿Cà ³mo puedo llegar a...?Where are we on the map? -  ¿Dà ³nde estamos aquà ­ en el mapa?Is it far away? Is it near here? -  ¿Est lejos?  ¿Est por aquà ­?Im looking for... - Busco...Im lost. - Estoy perdido (perdida if you are female). Where can I catch a taxi (a bus)? - Latin America:  ¿Dà ³nde puedo tomar un taxi (un autobà ºs)?  Spain:  ¿Dà ³nde puedo coger un taxi (un autobà ºs)? Note that other terms used regionally for bus include bus, colectivo, camià ³n, camioneta, gà ³ndola, guagua, micro, microbà ºs, and pullman. Be careful with the usage of the verb coger in parts of Latin America, because it can have an obscene meaning.Additional ways of travel could be on foot (a pie), by car (en coche), on a motorbike (la moto), by boat (el barco), and by plane (el avià ³n). More Spanish Speaking Terms When Traveling Write it down, please. - Escrà ­balo, por favor.Speak more slowly, please. - Hgame el favor de hablar ms despacio.I dont understand Spanish well. - No entiendo bien el espaà ±ol.Is there anyone who speaks English? -  ¿Hay alguien que hable inglà ©s?North, east, west, south - Norte, este or oriente, oeste or occidente, surKilometer, mile, meter - Kilà ³metro, milla, metroStreet, avenue, highway - Calle, avenida, camino, carrera, or carreteraCity block - Cuadra (Latin America) or manzana (Spain)Street corner - EsquinaAddress - Direccià ³n Two Tips for Conversation While Abroad Get specific. Use key terms for places you are going to in your conversations with others. You may want directions to a shopping mall (el centro comercial), general shops (las tiendas) or the grocery market (el mercado). All three can be summed up as shops, but they vary in the type of shop. If you want to explore tourist attractions, detail if you would like to see an art gallery (la galerà ­a de arte), a park (el parque), or a historic center (el casco antiguo).Be friendly. There is nothing that delights locals more than when tourists are courteous and ask for help with a smile. Include basic greetings along with your phrases such as hello (hola or buenas), how are you doing? ( ¿quà © tal?) and good day (good morning is ​buenos dà ­as,  good  afternoon  is buenas tardes, and good evening is buenas noches). Youll score extra points if you adopt to local variations, such as buen dà ­a used in some countries rather than the more common buenos dà ­as. Using Addresses You should be aware the structure of street addresses can vary widely from country to country. Consult a thorough tourist guide before you travel to become familiar with local practices. In many cases, understanding addresses will be easier than it might seem at first. For example, one of the most popular museums in Bogot, Colombia, is el Museo del Oro (Gold Museum) at Cra. 6 #15-88, which initially might seem like a jumble of characters. But Cra. 6 indicates that is on Carerra 6, which we might call 6th Avenue in English. The 15 is the street name (Calle 15), and the 88 indicates the distance from the intersection of that avenue and street. Unfortunately for the traveler, easy-to-understand addressing conventions arent used everywhere, and not all streets are named. In Costa Rica, for example, you may run across addresses such as 200 metros al oeste de la escuela Fernndez, indicating a location 200 meters west of the Fernandez school.

Quotes on Funny Thoughts to Make You Smile

Quotes on Funny Thoughts to Make You Smile Have you ever had a funny thought pop into your brain? Maybe you put a couple of things together and realized it told a truth in a quirky way. Our brains often have a natural comedian deep inside and you might even make yourself laugh. Then when you stop and think about thinking, things start getting a little weird. Famous thinkers and witty people might seem to have more funny thoughts, but we have the benefit of only seeing their really good material. You might be inspired by a humorous remark, or hearing about an incident that causes you to giggle. Share your funny thoughts with others and see how you create a riot of laughter around you. If you need some help, read these funny thoughts of well-known people. Will Rogers Everything is funny, as long as its happening to somebody else.   Robert  Frost The brain a wonderful organ.  It starts working the moment you get up in the morning and does not stop until you get into the office. Charles Schulz Sometimes I lie awake at night, and I ask, Where have I gone wrong? Then a voice says to me, This is going to take more than one night. Friedrich Nietzsche All things are subject to interpretation whichever interpretation prevails at a given time is a function of power and not  truth. Miguel de Cervantes Sanity may be madness but the maddest of all is to see life as it is and not as it should be. Norm Papernick Those who can laugh without cause have either found the true meaning of happiness or have gone stark raving mad. Ethel Barrymore You grow up the day you have your first real laugh - at yourself.   Reba McEntire To succeed in life, you need three things: a wishbone, a backbone, and a funnybone.   Isaac Asimov People who think they know everything are a great annoyance to those of us who do. Abraham Lincoln No man has a good enough memory to be a successful liar. Oscar Wilde The public is wonderfully tolerant. It forgives everything except genius. The public have an insatiable curiosity to know everything, except what is worth knowing.   Victor Borge Santa Claus has the right idea - visit people only once a year. Edward Gibbon Beauty is an outward gift which is seldom despised, except by those to whom it has been refused. Quentin Crisp The trouble with children is that theyre not returnable. George Bernard Shaw Love is a gross exaggeration of the difference between one person and everybody else. Joe Namath Until I was thirteen, I thought my name was shut up. Mark Twain While the rest of the species is descended from apes, redheads are descended from cats. Ogden Nash Middle age is when youve met so many people that every new person you meet reminds you of someone else. The Cable Guy You know what the trouble about real life is? Theres no danger music.

Havisham Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Havisham - Assignment Example Her beautiful mansion of love collapsed and that betrayal led her to make some desperate decisions. When the news struck her like a lightning that her man was gone forever from her life she was wearing only one shoe, and she continued to remain in that condition. She wished to conquer time in her own style by stopping all the clocks in Satis House at twenty minutes to nine, and that was the moment when she received the news of treachery of Compeyson. She literally turned mad and yearned for vendetta. Her adoption of Estella was not an act of love, not to recoup her original mental poise, but to seek revenge on men. She imparted her training to break men’s hearts. She was raised as a weapon, a destructive tool. She failed to grasp the essence of life that in societal terms one lived not only for self but for the sake of near and dear ones in the family and well-wishers. All noble thoughts and ethical standards were swept under the carpet by her in the pursuit of destructivity. She failed to appreciate the intensity of hurt that she was causing to Pip and Estella. Havisham discounts the possibility that there is always scope for advancement in life, notwithstanding the cruel stroke of destiny. One incident, good or bad, does not constitute life. Trials and tribulations are part of life and the world cannot run on happiness alone. With a rigid approach, she shuns societal contacts and prefers self-imposed prison of solitude and speaks in the words of condemnation about the man who betrays her and men in general. Her condition evokes deep sympathy. Words generate from her tongue like the blows of hammer. Havisham has suppressed the tender feelings of love and her heart is filled with poisonous thoughts of negativities. But, after all, she is a woman and her sexual feelings torment her, sadism overtakes her and she lashes out at the male fraternity, Miss Havisham is certainly not responsible for her own misery. The

Arab Societies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Arab Societies - Essay Example Meanwhile, the former inhabitants of the land purchased by the oil-rich citizens are left to migrate to urban areas leaving their agricultural livelihood to be bulldozed into the ground as the new foundation of an eagerly anticipated tourist destination. These migrants eventually get employed in a job that does not offer them enough income to live comfortably. This is the picture of how most Arabs live in the Middle East as painted by the authors of the assigned readings. The unfortunate thing is that only 5% of the Arab people are living in luxury while the rest live within middle-class to lower-class means. The consequence of the rural-urban migration of people is leaving agricultural lands barren without anyone to tend to producing crops or raising livestock for people’s food. Kadri reports that exportation of food has significantly decreased and importation has been on a steady rise. Hence, malnutrition among Arab nations has also spread. What is the government doing about this â€Å"rich getting richer† and the â€Å"poor getting poorer† situation? Since huge investments on land and real-estate would need the appropriate permits and authorization to operate, with the authority coming from the government, it may be expected that people in government gain much from the investors and inevitably approve of their investments. Mitchell has described such leniency from government as neoliberalism. It may be overwhelming to witness vast lands being turned to â€Å"dreamland† while the economy suffers and the majority of the population live in poverty. One may question where most of the revenue from taxes of such luxurious investments go. Certainly not to programs that will uplift the standard of living of middle to low classed citizens! Government priorities have been lopsided, favouring the projects of the rich over the service of the poor. This may be due to the personal agendas of those in power. Farsoun laments how Arab state capitalism

Bretagne France Essay Example for Free

Bretagne France Essay Bretagne is found along Frances northern shore. Bretagne is also called Brittany and sometimes referred to as little Britain. It is a land of enchantment and wonders. It features rugged coastlines with some of the worlds most breathtaking views. It features more than 4,000 castles and medieval homes. Its an ideal destination for water sports enthusiasts, lovers of fine cuisine and seafood, and anyone fascinated by legends and history. The attractions, weather and scenery, and the festivals are what attract people the most. This region is full of numerous world-class museums and historic attractions. One of the best places to visit while in Brittany is Oceanopolis. It features 50 aquariums from tropical and polar species. The cathedral of St. Pierre and St. Paul is one of the last Gothic French cathedrals. The chateau de Combourg is a beautiful castle surrounded by greenery and water. The Grand Phare or Great Lighthouse is also a great place to visit, being 300 feet high. And finally the musee de la Faience is devoted to the famous pottery. Other fun things to do are outdoor water sports, including sailing, kayaking, surfing and scuba diving. Spa seawater treatments are also available for relaxing purposes. Being close to the ocean, the weather is fairly nice and warm year round. Rain occurs regularly which keeps the countryside green and wooded. Although it rains often, cloudless days are common and sunny in Brittany. In Brittany a common expression and response to people complaining about the rain is En Bretagne, il ne pleut que sur les cons, which literally translates as In Brittany, it only rains on the idiots. This means that if you don’t like Brittany, you should leave. Brittany has many festivals and events. They reflect Brittany’s culture and energetic music and dance. Some cultural festivals include the festival de Cornouaille, which is a festival that displays Brittany’s cultural diversity. Les Filets Bleus celebrates fishing traditions and the Festival du Film Britanniqu previews British films in France. Music festivals are also popular in France. Astropolis is a techno music themed festival celebrated in July. La Route du Rock plays pop and rock music. Les Transmusicales is known for showing brand new acts for undiscovered bands. They also have a festival all about activities dealing with the sea. The Fetes Maritimes de Brest is a sailing event that takes place every four years. The next race happens in July of 2012. La Route du Rhum is a transatlantic yacht race which also takes place every four years. The next race will be in November of 2014. Bretagne is a beautiful, fascinating mix of spectacular coastlines, ancient towns, magical islands and inland woods. With so many attractions and activities you will never get bored. The scenery and weather is unforgettably amazing. The festivals attract many tourists and French people to the area.

Buffalo Springfield :: folk-rock country-rock

Aside from the Byrds, the only other band that had a tremendous influence on folk-rock and country-rock in the sixties was Buffalo Springfield. They were noted as a key impact upon the counter-culture of the sixties, and their music is symbolic of the turbulence and controversy that surfaced during harsh times of war. The group’s formation was coincidental and legendary. Stephen Stills and Richie Furay were driving on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles in early April 1966, when by chance they pulled up behind a tattered black Pontiac hearse bearing Canada license plates. The car held Neil Young, a Canadian Stills had crossed paths with earlier, and Bruce Palmer, a bass player. The two were on search of their musical dreams when they fused with Stills and Furay, and began to work for status as a rock and roll band. Buffalo Springfield was soon signed with Atco Records, and began producing their self-titled debut album. This record contained the famous song, â€Å"For What It’s Worth,† which transcended pop charts to become an anthem for an entire generation. Their second album, Buffalo Springfield Again, achieved great acclaim for the powerful songs from Stills, Young, and Furay.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though Buffalo Springfield was established as the best folk-rock band in the sixties, the band was not intact for long. Even with the success that followed their popular albums, problems arose within the members of the group. Particularly, Stills and Young had stubborn, conflicting personalities. This lead to several rearrangements among members of the band. Young would often leave the group for long periods of time, while Palmer fought deportation.

Physics Lab/ Radiation

Blackbody Radiation Lab 11 Go to http://phet. colorado. edu/simulations/sims. php? sim=Blackbody_Spectrum and click on Run Now. 1) In this lab, you will use the Blackbody Spectrum Simulation to investigate how the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted by objects is affected by the object's temperature. In this simulation, you can input the temperature and observe the spectrum of the radiation emitted. a) The temperature of stars in the universe varies with the type of star and the age of the star among other things.By looking at the shape of the spectrum of light emitted by a star, we can tell something about its average surface temperature. i) If we observe a star's spectrum and find that the peak power occurs at the border between red and infrared light, what is the approximate surface temperature of the star? (in degrees C) The temperature will be ~4000K which would be about 3276 degrees Celcius. ii) If we observe a stars spectrum and find that the peak power occurs at the border between blue and ultraviolet light, what is the surface temperature of the star? in degrees C) The temperature would be about 7050 degrees Celcius. b) Light bulbs operate at 2500 degrees C. What is the wavelength at which the most power is emitted for a light bulb operating at 2500 C? The wavelength would be equal to 1000nm ii) Explain why regular incandescent bulbs waste a lot of energy. Be sure to include your reasoning. The majority of the light emitted is at wavelengths that are longer than that, that are visible. So the power going into the light bulb that is producing non-visible light is wasted. It is wasting energy that way, so regular incandescent bulbs are inefficient. ) In this problem we will explore the greenhouse effect by using the Greenhouse Effect Simulation available from http://phet. colorado. edu/simulations/sims. php? sim=The_Greenhouse_Effect a) Explore the simulation. True or False The only effect of increasing the number of clouds is to reduce the amo unt of sunlight absorbed by the surface of the earth. Clouds reduce the amount of sunlight absorbed by reflecting sunlight back away from earth. Clouds also can absorb infrared radiation emitted by the surface and then send it back to spae. True or FalseIncreasing the concentration of greenhouse gases, increases the amount of radiation that Earth emits to space. Earth used to emit the same amount of radiation it absorbed, but not now. So now the radiation that used to be absorbed by the earth is remitted down and absorbed by the ground. So the earth is taking in this radiation and is warming up. Without the damage and pollution humans have caused then this would not be the case and it would be in equilibrium. True or False When sunlight encounters a cloud, the cloud reflects about 10% of the sunlight back to space. The cloud reflects about 50% of the sunlight back to space. True or FalseWhen there is a very large concentration of greenhouse gases, most of the IR radiation reaching s pace has interacted with greenhouse gas molecules on its way from the surface to space. Yes, the greenhouse gases absorb IR radiation. True or False The total amount of radiation absorbed by the Earth’s surface is not affected by the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Sunlight and greenhouse gases are absorbed by earth. When earths atmosphere has greenhouse gases the IR radiation is emitted by the surface and absorbed and also redirected back down to the surface. So the total amount of radiation absorbed is increasing.True or False At higher temperatures, the Earth’s surface emits more IR radiation. Yes because if the temperature increases then the power radiated increases as well. True or False During the ice age, the amount of sunlight absorbed by the Earth’s surface decreased. During the ice age the ice on the earth would also reflect sunlight back, making less sunlight absorbed by the earths surface. True or False All greenhouse gases are f rom anthropogenic sources (that is due to man’s activities). Not true, most are naturally occurring but man has increased greenhouse gasses especially the high amounts of carbon dioxide present now†¦from man’s doing.

Successful Online Distance Learning

Successful Online Distance Learning The advent of technology has enabled most universities to provide distance learning capabilities. California Intercontinental University provides technology enabled distance education in a convenient manner. I made a decision to enroll in an online program to achieve my Doctor of Business Administration degree to advance my career forward. I am fully aware that, pursuing my education in an open distance learning environment is not going to be easy.First and foremost, balancing my online learning endeavor together with maintaining my regular life commitments involving family matters, my job and social interactions is expected to be challenging. In order to overcome these challenges, I intend to create appropriate enabling environment for my online learning experience without too much disruptions affecting my way of life. To achieve my objectives, I may have to compromise on some of my social interactions, weekend retreats and hobbies.Establishing ap propriate time and place for reading, comprehensions and conducting my regular assignments to stay on truck are critical success factors that enrich my new online learning experience. While I possess extensive experience using technology (computers and the Internet), acquiring reliable and sustainable communication bandwidth for Internet access is essential. This can be achieved by upgrading my current communication link to a reasonable but robust speed. Furthermore, working in a mobile environment will allow to use the Internet from anywhere at any time.To excel in all of my online courses, I realize that making enough preparation to work in technology environment is critical. Accomplishing weekly assignments alone may not be enough to learn more and retain knowledge. I intend to widen my online learning experience with some extra work in order to retain extra knowledge to achieve my goals. Furthermore, establishing good communication and interaction with my instructors, advisors a nd peers is vital to learn more and share knowledge.

buy custom Participation Levels of Physical Activity in Australia essay

buy custom Participation Levels of Physical Activity in Australia essay A report by Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) states that about two thirds of Australians who are15 years and over participate in at least one physical activity per year. The figures continue to show that in the recent past, the rate of participation has fallen from 66% to about 63%. The rate of men who participate in physical activities is higher that of women with the rates of 65% and 63% respectively. In addition, there is a likelihood that young people participate in physical activities more that the older ones. For example people who are between the ages of 15 and 17 years were reported to have had the highest rate of participation of 79% (Bauman Brown, 2002). People aged 65 and over has lower rate of participation of 48% when it came to participation of sport events or other physical activities The major areas where the rate of physical activity was high were in the Australian Capital and the Northern Territory. The two areas had rates of 77% and 72% respectively. Notably, thirty-six percent of the total population in Australia participates in at least one physical recreational activity. About 17% are said to have participated in at least two physical activities and about 11% participating in more than two physical activities. Some of the major physical activities that most Australians participates in include: walking exercises that makes about 23 %, gym, fitness and aerobics that makes about 14% as well a swimming and driving that makes about 7 %. The report further observes that women participates more in this physical activities than men. The most popular physical activity based from the report was walking for exercise. This is according to the survey conducted in 2005 and 2006. The statistics shows that low level of people participating in physical activity leads to development of ill-health. This leads to rise in mortality rate. People do not engage in sufficient physical activities as required by our bodies. This leads in development of risks such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes type 2, breast cancers, and osteoporosis among other disorders. Being actively involved in physical activities prevents overweight, high blood pressure as well as rise in the level of cholesterol in the body (Zimmet Salmon, 2003). Therefore, when people are involved in physical a healthy nation is build. The report by National Physical Activity Survey shows that there has been increasing rates of leisure time that is utilized in physical activities. This has been through the efforts made by health sectors to ensure that people are able to achieve optimum health (Cockburn, Adamson, 1999). It is recommended that a person should engage in at least 150 minutes per week physical activity that gives the moderate intensity in the recreational physical activities. However, some people engage in about five sessions per week. The data by National Physical Activity Survey in 2000 showed the following: about 54 percent of Australians who include over 7 million did not undertake sufficient recreational physical activities (Bauman Booth 1998). This is especially the people aged 18 to75 years. 15 percent who make about 2 million of the total population in Australia did not undertake any physical activity. They were said to be sedentary. Their leisure time was used for other activities oher than p hysical activities. The report shows that most men and women engage in physical activities for health benefits. Thus, the rate of men and women participation was almost equal. This ranged to about 46 % men and 45 % for women. The Active Australia Survey is a common criterion that is used to measure the level of participation into physical activities (Zimmet Salmon, 2003). Through the survey, people are also made to asses the required knowledge concerning the health messages that helps them to keep them with the current updates. Leisure time physical activity is also stressed during the survey. Public health sector is entitled to ensure that people engage in physical activities that will contribute to their well being. Thus, after the survey, the situation assessed gives an insight on what should be done to enlighten people. The survey shows that half of the total population in Australia participates in physical activities. Due to the efforts made by the public health sector, the rate of participation has risen to about 105 times for the past 12 months (Bath Morgan, 1998). Most of the physical activities that are participated are not formally organized. Thus, about 52 % of Australians organize their schedule and undertake their own physical activities. However, about 25 percent were said to have participated in formally organized physical activities. The number of men who participated in physical activities was said to have been high in comparison to the number of women. Moreover, the preferred areas that were used for physical activities were beaches, parks as well as the walking trails. About 58 % used these places to undertake their activities. In an interview conducted in 1999 to 2000 showed that about 55% of people aged 18 years and over participate actively in sports. This rate has been on the rise due to the fact that people have realized the need to involve themselves in physical activities for health benefits. In addition, the interview showed that males had a higher rate of participation than women. The rate of participation was high for the age between 18 and 24. This was about 74%. However, this rate has declined with time as ones ages (Cockburn, Adamson, 1999. This is true because, at the age of 65, the number of people who participate in physical activities were about 33%. Australians participate in physical activities that highly depend on the ability of individuals to utilize his or her leisure time effectively. Based on standardized results, it was found out that age and sex are two factors that highly determine the rate at which people engage in physical activities (Cockburn, Adamson, 1999). Taking into account that a highest rate of about 63.8% participate in recreational physical activities, it is therefore possible that disorders that result from lack of physical activities have reduced. However, some areas have recorded lowest arte at participation into physical activities. For instance, southern Australia has about 51.1% while the Northern territory has higher of about 51.2%. The research further stipulates that for every three people in a group of ten who are about 18 years and have the tendency to be more active (Browning Osborne, 1998). However, there has been a steady increase in the number of people who are undertaking physical activities from 1996 to date. The research furtherr shows that both the Australian capital and the Northern territory have a large number of young populations. However, the Southern Australia and the Tasmania are said to have a large number of aged persons (Bath Morgan, 1998). Therefore as expected, these areas have smaller number of people who are engaged in physical activities. Furthermore, a higher percentage of females are concentrated in the Northern territory. This has contributed to the lower rate of people involved in physical activities since the number of females who undertake physical activity is lower than that of men. Low participation has serious consequences on the socio-economic status of a given country. This has been observed in areas where there is high mortality rate. In this context, high mortality rate has been brought about by lack of physical exercise leading to development of various disorders in the society resulting in increased deaths (Zimmet Salmon, 2003). In these areas, the birth rate is also likely to be low. Low participation also leads to increased cost of health care in the part of government. People are likely to develop myriad diseases something that increases government expenditure. Notably, some of these disorders are prevented by regular physical exercises. It has been observed that greater participation in physical activities has various benefits both to the government as well as to individuals. Moreover, when people are health, they contribute positively to the socio-economy. This leads to increased production (Browning Osborne, 1998). Greater participation also lead s to increased recreational activities that may be used as sources of revenue. In the case of formal physical activities, people may organize competitions that may attract sponsors and hence raise some money that is beneficial. There are various policies that have been established that aims at enlightening as well as ensuring people undertake physical activities. These policies are implemented with the main aim being to increase participation in physical activities (Cooper Gibbons 1989). These policies include: first, people who are in busy schedule are required to take about 20 to 40 hours per week and using their leisure time to engage in recreational physical activities. Employers are required by this policy to ensure that they give their employees enough free time that will enable them to set part of their time in physical activities. This helps in reduction of disorders that may result from lack of sufficient physical activities (Bauman Owen 1999). Public health nutrition is another important policy that has been put in place to ensure that people are able to take the right diet that will help them to undertake physical activities. Australian Sports Commission and the Recreation as well as Sport Indu stry Statistics Group are some of the agencies that are entitled in governing some of the physical events. In conclusion, participation in physical activities is important. Most Australians have risen to the occasion that aims at reducing cases where people are suffering from diseases that could have been prevented. As analyzed in various reports about 50% undertake physical activities at least twice per week. However, a lot needs to be done to make recreational physical activities a lifestyle. This will go along way in promoting socio-economic activities in Australia. Buy custom Participation Levels of Physical Activity in Australia essay

Attendance System Using Fingerprint

Attendance System Using Fingerprint The project entitled â€Å"ATTENDANCE SYSTEM USING FINGERPRINT† is to provide an authentified attendance system for Roots Industries Limited. This software provides various information, which is useful for user as well as administrator. This software can be used as a whole in organization, or can partly used as separate modules, whenever needed. The project deals with capturing the thumb impression of the employee through the thumb scanner and authenticates with the already registered impression. Attendance will be marked for the matched employee. With the in-time and out-time, the total hours worked by the employee in a day and days worked for the month is calculated. The salary is calculated from loss of pay, basic pay, allowances, and deductions. One of the main advantages of this software is its user friendliness and validation can be done for each and every employee entered. New entries can be registered very easily and if not needed then it can be deleted from the softw are. The environments being used are VB.NET as front end and SQL Server as back end. This project is developed in the Operating System, Microsoft Windows XP. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION This chapter contains the problem definition, about the system environment and the organization profile which gives details about the company. PROBLEM DEFINITION OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE The main objective of this project is to do the following operations Thumb impression Comparisons Attendance Calculation Payroll Calculation The scope of the project is to capture and verify the thumb impression of the employee. And also provide effective means to calculate attendance and payroll for the employee by using thumb impression. This project would greatly help in simplifying the manual attendance calculation and payroll calculation. PROBLEM DESCRIPTION This project makes use of fingerprint to authenticate the employee. This project makes use of the physical hardware device, the thumb scanner to capture the t humb impression of the employee. The Administrator registers the details of new workers. He also registers the unique thumb code of the employee generated by the Thumb scanner. This thumb code is generally an alphanumeric code and it is stored in the database. The employee uses the thumb scanner when he enters and leaves the work place for attendance marking. The generated code is matched with the stored thumb code in the database. The attendance is marked for the corresponding employee where thumb code matches with the generated ones. If there is no match with the thumb code then the administrator will take in charge to check whether the person is a new employee or not. The time duration between intime and outtime is calculated and it is stored as hours worked by the employee. Each time when the outtime is marked the duration is calculated and hours worked (field) is updated. The employee may take leave. The leave taken by the employee is calculated as loss of pay for him. It will be used to calculate net pay for the employee in the payroll calculation. During salary calculation the monthly attendance of the employee, loss of pay, the allowance such as HRA, DA and deductions such as PF, LIC are considered.

Psychology - Career Guidance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Psychology - Career Guidance - Essay Example There are a number of models and techniques being used to provide planning services to clients for career counseling and development. Most common ways of provision of career planning counseling is done through self-assessment, reality testing and decision-making techniques (Watts 1996). These are the most commonly used techniques which were used traditionally. However, modern models have been initiated in order to provide a wholesome manner of providing career counseling and development to clients. Moreover, self-directed manner for career counseling is another model which has been used by a number of counselors over the time which has had limited results previously. It is due to this reason that other types of models were coined (Watts 1996). Most recently, interviews were used as a cost-effective manner of providing effective career planning advises to clients. These interview based techniques and traditional techniques influence Gerarad Egan to create a model that could make use of all the techniques to make sure that development is noticed and undertaken in real manners unlike any other therapies being conducted for psychological practices. Working model of Egan covers development aspect as crucial to objective achievement (Watts 1996). Among different models that are applied for career planning and development of clients, Egan Model is considered as one of the most effective model for counseling purpose. It is because of three staged model mechanism that allows easy evaluation of clients’ choice, transition and different clients need (Watts 1996). The stage I of the Egan model allows effective relationship building process between the counselor and client. This will allow the client to focus on the options from which he or she can actually find out the best possible choices for themselves. In other words, it could be said that the stage I in Egan’s model, clients can actually set up priority chart and

Online Store Vs. Physical Store Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Online Store Vs. Physical Store - Assignment Example All products further fall into categories for different markets. For instance, music accessories are sorted by price range in order to direct buyers to products that are willing to spend certain amounts. With the online store, one has the opportunity of shopping through a personal account. Personal accounts allow one the comfort of shopping without worrying about carrying along a credit card or cash. This is made possible by the available options of saving one’s payment information. In addition to this, accounts offer the opportunity of receiving news about new offers and discounts from the company through emails. In a physical store, one only gets to learn about discounts through publicly placed advertisements that are temporary and dependent on one’s location. Online stores save an immense amount of time for shoppers. People do not need to queue in order to check out. Queues can become tediously long especially during peak times. Moreover, the time it takes for differ ent customers to finish shopping is unrelated to the amount of products bought. The process of checking out at the online store is simplified to a few clicks within the site’s pages. In addition to this, burden of travelling in order to make a purchase is eliminated. The Express.com online store, for example, ships products directly to the customer free on certain purchases. What does the ‘brick and mortar’ store offer that the virtual store cannot? When customers shop at a physical Wal-Mart store, they have the opportunity to select products that they need in their actual forms. Certain aspects about the product may instantaneously affect the choice to make a purchase. One may realize that the size or the appearance of a product is not precisely, what you would want if you were in direct contact with it. At the store’s website, one only gets the chance to select the product based on visual appearances displayed online. There is a possibility of purchasing something only to realize it does not precisely match your preferences. For instance, one cannot try to fit a new piece of attire at Express’s online store, but this is possible at the physical store. This, hence, means that there is a risk of purchasing a cloth that does not fit your size. Furthermore, one may not be able to seek immediate assistance from store attendants when shopping online. Questions about a product have to be sought independently or at a time cost if one chooses to make phone calls to consult the customer support team. This slows down the buying process. Shopping at the physical store also allows one to access products instantly as opposed to the online store, where shipment has to be made over a certain period. One has the chance to interact with other buyers at the physical store, as opposed to an online situation where there will never be a chance of seeing other shoppers. Such interaction with fellow shoppers can help in gaining information about ce rtain products, for example, when trying to choose an appropriate book. Again, some products are not deliverable to certain locations if purchased online, for example, groceries. Thus, it requires one to travel physically to the store. Finally, at the physical store, one has the additional option of using cash to pay for shopping bills. If shopping is online, the only options available involve electronic money transfers. What

The different influences of AD and PR in the market Dissertation

The different influences of AD and PR in the market - Dissertation Example tising and Public Relations Departments 56 4.2 Target Audience for Advertising and Public Relations Departments in Various Firms 59 4.3 Insights about Satisfaction with the Work of Advertising and Public Relations Departments 60 4.4 Annual Expenditure for Advertising and Public Relations 61 4.5 The Process Flow for Advertising and Public Relations 62 4.6 The Position of Advertising and Public Relations Departments 63 4.7 The Significance of Advertising and Public Relations in Firms 63 4.8 Perceptions about the Future of Advertising and Public Relations 65 Chapter 5: CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDA... on of Originality MASTERS DISSERTATION SUBMISSION FORM Student’s family name: First names: Student ID No: Course: Supervisor: Dissertation Title: Influences of Advertising and Public Relations on the Market Declaration I certify that this dissertation is my own work. I have read the University regulations concerning plagiarism. I am willing to allow The University of Leicester Centre for Mass Communication Research to use my dissertation as a sample for future students. Signed †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Abstract This research study presents an attempt to understand better the capacity of advertising and public relations to influence a market. Although this topic of research is not new, the reality of today presents a demand for accountability of significant marketing communication spending in the face of constantly increasing costs associated with advertising and public relations in a tough and highly competitive business environment. Thus, it makes sense to re-examine an old topic of research to decide about how firms should proceed to try to enhance brand recognition, brand image, reputation and consumer knowledge in the market in an attempt to enhance the bottom-line. Relevant themes that emerge from authoritative literature examined in a review of literature and insights made available by those who are familiar with the workings of advertising, and public relations functions in United Kingdom companies emphasise the essential utility of both advertising and public relations. Thus, a need exists to try to maintain a synergy between the two to deliver the optimal in an age of ubiquitous computing that presents new opportunities for innovation in both advertising and public relations. The research suggests that

How does early childhood attachment affect child development

How does early childhood attachment affect child development 2- Describe three important contributions Freud made to the field of human development. How does early childhood attachment affect child development? Describe the relationship between temperament and best fit parenting. Freud suggested that the development occurs through a series of psychosexual stages: Oral stage (first 18 months of life): Infants main source of interaction occurs through the mouth. Infant receives pleasure from oral stimulation through sucking. The infant also builds a sense of trust and comfort through this oral stimulation. Anal stage (ages 1.5 to 3.5): Childs pleasure centers around anus and elimination. Phallic stage (ages 3 to 6): Child discovers the differences between males and females. Childs pleasure centers on genitals. Child begins to identify the same-sex parent. Latency stage (ages 6 to puberty): Child enters the school and has other interests like hobbies and friends. Sexual energy is directed into other areas such as social and academic areas. Genital stage (from puberty onward): Individual has sexual interest in the opposite sex. Freud believed in the importance of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences. He divided the mind into two parts: Conscious mind: includes all the things we are aware of. Unconscious mind: includes feelings, ideas, and memories that we are not aware of. Most of the unconscious contents are undesirable, such as feelings of pain and fear. Freud suggested that the unconscious mind continues to influence our behavior, even though we are unaware of these influences. According to Freud, the human personality is composed of the following three elements: Id: the only element of personality that is present from birth. This component of personality is totally unconscious. The id is the source of all psychic energy, making it the primary component of personality. Ego: is the component of personality that deals with reality. The ego develops from early childhood experiences. The ego operates in both the conscious and unconscious mind. The ego functions to fulfill the Ids desires in the appropriate time and place. Superego: is the component of personality that senses the right and wrong. The superego offer rules for making judgments and functions to improve our behavior, it inhibits all unacceptable desires of the id and exert effort to make the ego act idealistically rather than realistically. Attachment is an emotional bond between infant and caregiver. Attachment is to seek contact to another person, to feel safe when that person is there and to feel uneasy when that person is missing. The important aspects of attachment are trust and comfort, in contrast feeding is not an important aspect. Children develop different styles of attachment based on interactions with their caregivers. Four attachment styles have been recognized in children: Secure child: walks around freely when the mother is present, engages with strangers, will be disturbed when the mother leaves, and happy to see the mother return. The caregiver of a secure child is sensitive to the childs needs. Insecure-resistant child: resists closeness, dont explore or engage with strangers even when the mother is there. When the mother leaves, the child is extremely upset. When the mother returns, the child will push away if the mother offers comfort. The caregiver of an insecure-resistant child is not always available to the child. Insecure-avoidant child: pay no attention to the mother, showing little emotion when the mother leaves or returns. The child will not explore much. Strangers are treated in the same way as the mother. The caregiver of an insecure-avoidant child is rejecting. Insecure- disorganized child: shows insecurity by being disorganized and frightened. With new experiences the child may be afraid and confused. The caregiver of an insecure- disorganized child usually abuses the child. As a conclusion for improving the childs development, caregivers should be sensitive and always available to meet the childs needs. Temperament is an individuals behavioral manner and the way he reacts to emotions. Temperament influences the babys initial response to his environment. The ways in which the family responds to a baby are inclined by that babys temperament. The three basic styles of temperament according to Thomas and Chess (1977; 1991) are: Easy babies (40 %). Positive temper, happy, launches regular routines in infancy, adaptable to new experiences, and curious, Slow-to-warm-up babies (15 %). Inactive to the environment, has low adaptation and withdraw from new situations. Difficult babies (10%). negative temper, fearful of strangers, slow to accept new situations, easily displeased and launches irregular routines in infancy. It is the mix between parent and child that concern. This mix is known as Goodness of fit which refers to the balance between a childs temperament and the environmental stress the child must deal with. The interaction between parents and the child will certainly affect the childs development. The following table shows the different parenting styles: Parent style description Authoritarian (very strict) Extremely controllable, stress obedience, refuses discussions. Authoritative (moderate) Allow children to learn from their own mistakes, firm, kind, allow discussion, and give confidence to their children. Permissive (kind) Exert little control, dont set rules and dont demand high levels of behavior. Uninvolved Demand very little and react minimally. Parents have to consider the childs temperament and respond correctly to it, in order to improve the childs behavior. Parents should imply the following to achieve the best fit parenting: Be sensitive to the childs characteristics. Be flexible in responding to the childs characteristics. Avoid labeling the child negatively. Allow discussions, and listen to the childs point of view. Encourage the child to find solutions to problems. Respect the childs opinion but also be firm in your decisions. Set your expectations and limits to help the child develop self control. There are differences among children, dont compare children and respect the strong points of each child.

Pueblo Indian Religion in the Early 20th Century Essay -- Essay Papers

Pueblo Indian Religion in the Early 20th Century The Pueblo Indians religious history is different than the average Christian religion history. Their religious beliefs are based on the creation of life. The persons seen as the creators of life are the centrality and the basis of their religion. In the early 1900’s these Indians were looked upon in different lights. White man compared the Pueblo rituals and religious routines with his own. Pueblo religious beliefs, practices and social forms were criticized, scrutinized and misunderstood by white Christian American settlers. The major religious practice and worship of the Pueblo Indians involved ritual dances. White men attempted to stop these Puebloan ritualistic dances because they did not meet his own religious standards and this happened before the Indians had a chance to explain or define what their dances really stood for. Women played a significant role in Puebloan ritual dances and religious A brief description of the Pueblo Indian culture and religion are needed to get a full understanding of why their dances were misinterpreted by white settlers and why the Indians were judged and treated in such an unjust way. Pueblo Indians lived in Arizona and New Mexico and had a very different culture religiously than the white man. White religious history shows us that women were not seen, in European and new American culture, as not being significant to religious practices. In the Pueblo religion, however the woman was regarded in a different light. They rarely practiced in religious rituals but were the center of their people’s religion. Pueblos had rituals that were performed exclusively by men, and there, these men imitated women’s reproductive pow... ... for their religious beliefs and cultural values. People’s religious beliefs and practices all need to be protected from harm and negative influence like a child needs care from his mother. The Pueblo Indians should be looked at as an example of how people should not be treated. This way, hopefully we won’t make the same mistake twice. We all have an obligation to know all the facts and the whole truth about something before we start to reject it. If the white people in the early 20th century had taken the time to understand the meaning of these dances they may not have been so quick to judge and may have stood back and reflected on their own ways of living. Work Cited Young Jane. "Women in Western Puebloan Society". Journal of American Folklore. 100.398(1987): 436-445. Jacobs D. Margaret. "Making Savages of us all". Frontiers. 17.3(1983): 178-209.

A Prospective Cross Sectional Study Health And Social Care Essay

The importance in measuring the acceptableness to users of a Picture Archiving and Communication System in the infirmary connotes advancement by supplying quality images with good satisfaction than utilizing movie. In trauma instances, this will give advantage to occupants in the appraisal as early diagnosing is necessary. Besides in the Ob-Gyne section medical clearance affecting chest skiagraphy so that contemplated surgical processs can be done. This statement is still non proven, therefore survey on the impact of PACS on clinician shall function the intent. In our scenes, up until December 2011, determinations at the exigency room that rely on the skiagraphy entailed some waiting clip as what normally happens in film-based skiagraphy. The debut of PACS promises to alter this scenario in favor of quicker image handiness movie developing is omitted in the procedure. Quicker handiness of the radiogram due to the presence of networked computing machine system of sharing the digital images.AimDATA SUBSTRATESOPERATIONALLY DEFINED VARIABLESAnalysisTo find the impact of filmless imaging on the frequence with which physicians entree radiology images.Data assemblage sheetFrequency of the entree of doctor to radiology imagesQuantitative variable like frequence shall be analyzed utilizing mean and standard divergence.To measure clinician perceptual experience of image handiness with the usage of Picture Archiving and Communication System ( PACS ) .Data assemblage sheetPercept of clinician on image handinessQualitative variable will be analysing uti lizing proportion.Relationship of Research Objectives, Data Substrate, Operationally Defined Variables and Data AnalyIntroductionI. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:Filmless imagination is a construct which has changed health care. Picture Archiving and Communication Systems ( PACS ) are described as the â€Å" centralised depository for all imagination informations and diagnostic images ( eg, x-rays, CT scans, MRI scans ) and radiology studies electronically to clinicians at the point-of-care, contradicting the demand for a film-base.1 Diagnostic imagination is a cardinal constituent of information impacting the attention a patient receives. Picture Archive and Communication Systems ( PACS ) are comprehensive webs of digital devices designed for acquisition, transmittal, storage, show, and direction of diagnostic imagination surveies. The construct of a digital image communicating and show system was devised in the 1970s, with the initial conference on PACS designs launched in 1982 ( Huang , 1999, 2003 ) . The U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command installed the i ¬?rst large-scale PACS in the United States called the medical diagnostic imaging support system in 1992 ( Smith et al. , 1995 ) .2 Over the last 30 old ages PACS been developed for the intent of making more efficient and effectual health care. The construct of PACS was originally developed to better efficiency non merely in the radiology sections but besides in other sections like the exigency room. A figure of surveies have been conducted to find if PACS achieves its ends of bettering efficiency and effectivity within wellness systems. These surveies focus on its impacts on work flow, functions, patient results, and costs, with variable decisions. 3 Digital skiagraphy, this is the first movie free X ray imaging system in Mindanao. DDH ( Davao Doctors Hospital ) upgraded to CR ( Computed Radiography ) and implemented PACS ( Picture Archiving and Communication System ) for all imaging modes ( CT, MRI, Ultrasound, and Radiography ) . In trauma instances, this will give advantage to occupants in the appraisal as early diagnosing is necessary. Besides in the Ob-Gyne section medical clearance affecting chest skiagraphy so that contemplated surgical processs can be done. In this survey, the occupants will give their appraisal on how PACS give impact to their work patterns in the exigency section in bettering clinical decision-making, and easing more efficient patient attention processes.II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUREA Although the construct of image archiving and communications systems ( PACS ) was developed in Europe during the latter portion of the 1970s, no working system was completed at that clip. The first PACS executions took topographic point in the United States in the early 1980s, e.g. at Pennsylvania University, UCLA, and Kansas City University. Some more or less successful PACS developments besides took topographic point in Europe in the 1980s, peculiarly in the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Scandinavia, and Germany.4 PACS was expected to revolutionise and streamline the bringing of health care, helping communicating between radiotherapists and clinicians, bettering clinical decision-making, and easing more efficient patient attention processes. A In the USA 76 % of infirmaries reported utilizing PACS in 2008, A and in England and Scotland a national roll-out of PACS has been completed with the balance of UK infirmaries implementing it by 2012.A With the integrating of PACS into a figure of medical units outside radiology, the exigency section is one clinical country where PACS has the possible to significantly alter work patterns. The exigency section is a ‘complex ‘ and ‘data-rich environment'A where clinicians continuously multi-task and utilize multiple information beginnings in order to supply optimal attention for critically sick patients. Images are built-in to patient attention, A with high volumes of imaging surveies conducted daily.A Rapid entree to these to back up decision-making can be of important importance. With the potency for imaging consequences to impact dramatically on a patient ‘s attention, the ED provides a good scene to measure how PACS can impact on and take to innovation in clinical work practices.5 In 2010, a survey done by I.M. Hains et Al assessed the grounds of PACS impact on ICU clinicians through a systematic literature reappraisal of 11 ( 11 ) English linguistic communication publications in the USA and UK. The survey revealed a positive impact potency for PACS on clinician ICU work patterns and patient attention. The survey besides showed that PACS elicits positive impact potency on efficiency of work patterns, work associated with clinical determination devising and communicating patterns. PACS engineering offers wellness attention providers the possible for long-run cost nest eggs in radiology services by extinguishing the disbursal of movie processing and storage, among other things. Quick image handiness with PACS in SPMC will do it easier for radiotherapists to pull off patient test work flow and will assist surgical occupants in the early diagnosing and intervention for injury instances. Political action committee in the infirmary connotes advancement by supplying quality images with good satisfaction than utilizing movie.III. RESEARCH QuestionWhat is the impact of PACS on surgical occupant ‘s direction of ER patients?IV. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYImproves more timely patient attention and allowing clinicians to do determinations more rapidly.V. OBJECTIVESTo measure the impact of image file awaying and communicating systems ( PACS ) as perceived by the surgical occupants at the exigency section. To find benefits, disadvantages and jobs of PACS as perceived by ER surgical occupants.VI. METHODOLOGYStudy Design: Prospective Cross-sectional Survey Puting: The survey shall take topographic point in Southern Philippines Medical Center – Emergency Department, Bajada, Davao City, from May-June 2013 Independent variables: Age, sex, section Dependent variables: 1 ) continuance of ER rotary motion ; 2 ) impact of PACS on surgical occupant ‘s appraisal ; 3 ) surgical occupant ‘s perceptual experience of image handinessParticipantsInclusion Standards: Surgical occupants at ER Department Exclusion Standards: Surgical Residents who refuse to give informed consent.VII. Sampling CRITERIAA convenient sampling of surgical occupants falling under inclusion standards with consent shall be included for research.IX. DATA GATHERING/METHOD:Data will be gathered utilizing a questionnaire adapted from The Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital J.R PILLING.6 The questionnaire makes usage of a five-point Likert graduated table to measure surgical occupants ‘ positions on quality of images. There where besides three unfastened ended inquiries included to arouse responses on occupants perceived advantage, disadvantages and jobs with the usage of PACS. The questionnaire uses a combination of responses to statements and inquiries, graduated from 1 to 6, and some chances for free sentiment. Those who give informed consent will reply the questionnaire for about 5-7 proceedingss. All the information that will be used in this survey will be collected by the research worker, Dr. Leil ani Ching. Surgical occupants will be interviewed at their most convenient clip.Ten. SAMPLE SIZE COMPUTATIONThe survey topics ( aim population ) of this research are all surgical occupants who use PACS in measuring trauma instances in the Emergency Department. Hence, no sample size calculation will be used.Eleven. DATA HANDLING ANALYSISData for this survey will be analyzed and gathered utilizing Epi-info version 7. The uninterrupted variables will be summarized utilizing mean and standard divergence while impact and perceptual experience will be summarized utilizing frequence and per centum.Twelve. DEFINITION OF TERMS1. Impact- The step of both the tangibleA andA intangibleA effects and influences of the Picture Archiving and Communication Systems upon the surgical occupants utilizing it. Questions that ask about the utility and image quality of PACS ( Question no. 1-6 ) will be analysed to measure impact. 2. Perception- TheA processA by which surgical residentsA perceives and buttockss image and informations handiness when utilizing the Picture Archiving and Communication Systems. Questions that ask about participant ‘s point of views ( Question no. 7-10 ) will be analysed to measure perceptual experience.Thirteen. Ethical ConsiderationPrior to enlisting in the plan, the consent of the participant must be obtained.Ethical motives ReviewThe advocates of the survey will procure an blessing from the Cluster Ethics Research Committee of The Southern Philippines Medical Center prior to making the research.Informed Consent: FormA written consent is obtained from the possible participants who will be invited to reply the study questionnaire.Informed Consent: SignerThe signature of the participant should look in the consent signifier.Informed Consent: WitnessNo informant will be required in order for the informed consent to be adhering.Informed Consent: Proxy ConsentThere will be no pro xy consent aside from that of the participant will be allowed.Informed Consent: ProcedurePrior to subscribing the consent signifier, the possible participants are informed about the survey principle and aims.Informed Consent: Timing and VenueThe informed consent will be taken prior to the disposal of the questionnaire. It will be done in Southern Philippines Medical Center after office hours.Disclosure of Study Objectives, Risks, Benefits and ProceduresThe participants will be informed of the survey aims and what is expected of them. They will besides be told that there are no hazards involved in the survey and that there will be no direct benefits to them as survey participants.Renumeration, Reimbursement and Other BenefitsNo renumeration or reimbursement will be given to the participants.ConfidentialityThe research workers will non unwrap the individualities of the participants at any clip. Merely the chief advocate of the survey has the personal information of the participants.In vestigator ‘s DutyIt is the research worker ‘s duty to guarantee the confidentiality of any information obtained during the research.Specimens ManagingN/AVoluntarinessThe participants have the right to decline to take part in the survey.Alternate OptionsIf participants decide non to take part in the survey, their determination will be respected and will non impact their employment or their regular public presentation rating.PrivacyParticipants will non be contacted by any agencies after they have answered the questionnaire.Information on Study ResultsThe participants will hold entree to their informations. After the information has been analyzed, the overall consequences will besides be made known to the participants.Extent of Use of Study DataAt present there are no intended programs to utilize the informations aside from the aims stated in the protocol.Authorship and ContributorshipThe chief research worker is the chief writer of the survey.Conflicts of InterestThe chi ef research worker and co-author declares no struggle of involvement.PublicationThe research may be submitted for national and/or international publication.FundingThe chief advocate of the survey is utilizing personal financess to carry on the survey.Duplicate Copy of the Informed Consent FormA duplicate transcript of the informed consent signifier will be provided to the participants of the survey. Extra transcripts can be made on petition.Questions and Concerns Sing the SurveyThe participants will be encouraged by the chief research worker to voice out concerns about their engagement in the survey.Contact DetailssThe participants of the survey will be provided with the cellular telephone figure of the chief research worker. The chief research worker is besides available for inquiries, remarks and concerns about the survey.